The Puget Sound: Did It Ever Freeze Over?

has the puget sound ever frozen

The Puget Sound region in Washington is known for its mild climate, but it has experienced severe weather, including freezes, over the past 150 years. In February 1884, all rivers flowing into Puget Sound froze over, and the area has seen several Big Snows, including in 1881, 1916, and 1946. While Puget Sound itself has not been recorded to have completely frozen over, the coldest month for water temperatures in the area is February, with an average of 45.3°F / 7.4°C.

Characteristics Values
Puget Sound Region's Historical Nickname The Mediterranean of the Pacific
Coldest Month February
Average Water Temperature in February 45.3°F / 7.4°C
Average Water Temperature in August 53.1°F / 11.7°C
Coldest Day in Seattle "Big Winter" of 1861-1862
Lowest Temperature Recorded during "Big Winter" 2°F below zero
Number of Months Snow Lay on the Ground during "Big Winter" 3
Number of Years with No Measurable Snowfall 6 out of 56 recorded
Number of White Christmases in 38 Years 7
Number of Big Snows in 56 Years 2
Average Annual Winter Snowfall 11.2 inches
Average Winter Snowfall in the Last 26 Years 6.9 inches
Rivers Flowing into Puget Sound that Froze Over Lake Union
Date Lake Union Froze Over February 1884

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Puget Sound's coldest month is February, with an average water temperature of 45.3°F/7.4°C

The Puget Sound region in Washington, historically known for its mild climate, has experienced severe weather events over the past 150 years, including the "Big Winter" of 1861-1862 and the "Big Snow" of 1881. During February 1884, all rivers flowing into Puget Sound froze, with ice up to six inches thick reported in some areas.

While Puget Sound has experienced freezing temperatures and ice-covered waterways in the past, it is worth noting that the region generally enjoys a mild climate. The coldest month is typically February, with an average water temperature of 45.3°F/7.4°C. These temperatures are calculated from several years of archived data and represent the sea surface temperature (SST).

The Puget Sound region has a reputation for balmy weather, earning it the nickname "the Mediterranean of the Pacific." However, this image has been challenged by occasional extreme weather events. For example, in 1916, a heavy snowfall collapsed the dome of Seattle's St. James Cathedral.

Despite these occasional severe weather events, Puget Sound's climate remains relatively mild compared to other regions at the same latitude. Meteorologist Lawrence C. Fisher noted that the annual winter snowfall in Puget Sound is only 11.2 inches, which is less than any other place eastward across the continent at the same latitude.

While February is the coldest month for Puget Sound, with water temperatures dipping to an average of 45.3°F/7.4°C, it is important to note that these temperatures are still above freezing. This is likely due to the region's temperate marine climate, influenced by the surrounding water bodies.

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Puget Sound's rivers froze over in February 1884

The Puget Sound region is usually quite mild, earning it the nickname "the Mediterranean of the Pacific". However, in February 1884, Lake Union and all the rivers flowing into Puget Sound froze over. This was not the first time this had happened, as the Duwamish River froze over in 1875, and there have been various freezes since.

In 1884, two inches of snow covered Seattle on 8 February, and a thaw began a week later. However, this was short-lived, as 18 inches of fresh snow fell just three days after the thaw began. The freezing temperatures and snowfall disrupted boating, with ice clogging up the waterways. The only boat that managed to navigate the conditions was the sternwheeler W.K. Merwin, which cracked the ice with its paddle wheel as it made its way down the Snohomish River.

The Puget Sound region has experienced other severe winters and snowstorms over the past 150 years. The Big Winter of 1861-1862 brought extremely cold temperatures, with snow lying on the ground for three months. In 1881, the "Big Snow" blanketed the region, and in 1916, a heavy snowfall collapsed the dome of Seattle's St. James Cathedral.

Despite these occasional harsh winters, the Puget Sound region generally enjoys mild weather. Meteorologist Lawrence C. Fisher noted that in 56 recorded winters, the average annual snowfall was only 11.2 inches, with some winters having no measurable snowfall.

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Puget Sound usually has mild winters, with an average annual snowfall of 11.2 inches

The Puget Sound region is known for its usually mild winters, with an average annual snowfall of 11.2 inches. This is based on 56 winters of official records, according to Meteorologist Lawrence C. Fisher in 1949. However, there have been exceptions to these mild winters, with several severe weather events occurring over the past 150 years.

The "Big Winter" of 1861-1862, for example, brought extremely cold temperatures and snow that lasted for three months. The "Big Snow" of 1881, the heavy snow of 1916, and various freezes, gales, and mud events have also challenged the region's typically mild weather. In February 1884, all rivers flowing into Puget Sound froze over, disrupting boating activities.

Despite these occasional severe weather events, Puget Sound generally experiences mild winters with relatively low snowfall. The sea surface temperatures in the area reflect this, with the coldest month, February, having an average temperature of 45.3°F / 7.4°C. These mild winters have contributed to the region's reputation as the "Mediterranean of the Pacific", known for its balmy climate similar to that of Greek islands.

However, it's important to note that even within the Puget Sound area, there can be variations in temperature and weather conditions. Local factors, such as the time of day, wind direction, and water flows from nearby rivers, can influence the climate in specific locations. Additionally, in South Puget Sound, frosts can occur as late as April or even early May in colder years.

Overall, while Puget Sound has experienced freezing temperatures and snowfall, its winters are typically mild and less snowy compared to other regions at the same latitude. The average annual snowfall of 11.2 inches reflects this milder climate, and the region has historically been associated with a more temperate Mediterranean-like weather pattern.

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Puget Sound's average ocean temperatures are calculated using archived data

Puget Sound, known for its balmy weather, has experienced severe winters with heavy snowfall and freezing temperatures. While the region typically enjoys mild winters, historical records indicate notable exceptions like the ""Big Winter" of 1861-1862 and the "Big Snow" of 1881.

Puget Sound's ocean temperatures are calculated using archived data, providing insights into long-term trends. These calculations are based on various sources, including tidal stations, physical oceanographic systems, moored buoys, ships, and satellite observations. By analyzing this data, we can determine average ocean temperatures and monthly variations.

The average ocean temperature in Puget Sound is derived from multiple years of archived data. The data reveals a range of monthly temperatures, with August being the warmest, averaging around 53.1°F (11.7°C), and February being the coldest, with an average temperature of 45.3°F (7.4°C). These averages can be influenced by local and regional variations, including time of day, wind direction, and water flow from nearby rivers.

Additionally, historical data over a ten-year period reveals that the warmest water temperature recorded on a specific day in September was in 2023, at 58.8°F, while the coldest was in 2011, at 54°F. The average water temperature for September is 56.7°F, with a minimum of 52.7°F and a maximum of 61°F.

Puget Sound's ocean temperatures are susceptible to colder extremes as well. Divers in the region have reported temperatures as low as 45°F, with ice formation at the water's edge. While Puget Sound itself may not have frozen over entirely, nearby bodies of water, such as Lake Union and rivers flowing into the Sound, have frozen during extreme cold snaps, as evidenced by historical accounts from the 19th and early 20th centuries.

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Puget Sound's South region can experience frosts in April and May

The Puget Sound region was once known as the "Mediterranean of the Pacific", a balmy and rainy place. However, its weather can occasionally challenge this image. Over the past 150 years, there have been several severe weather events, including the "Big Winter" of 1861-1862, the "Big Snow" of 1881, and the heavy snow of 1916, which collapsed the dome of Seattle's St. James Cathedral.

Despite these occasional extreme weather events, Puget Sound generally experiences mild winters, with an average annual snowfall of 11.2 inches over the past 56 years, and six winters during this period seeing no measurable snowfall. The coldest month for water temperature in Puget Sound is February, with an average of 45.3°F / 7.4°C.

Even so, the Puget Sound South region can experience frosts well into April, and even early May in colder years. This variability in spring weather can be challenging for gardeners in the region, who must decide when to plant their seeds each year, balancing the risk of frost with the desire to plant early.

For example, in 2024, a Redditor from the region noted that the warm winter and spring meant they were considering planting their seeds earlier than usual, despite knowing that their plants could still be killed by a late frost. This is a common dilemma for gardeners in the region, who must weigh the risks and benefits of early planting each year.

Frequently asked questions

Yes, in February 1884, Lake Union and all rivers flowing into Puget Sound froze over.

The coldest month is February, with an average water temperature of 45.3°F / 7.4°C.

The Puget Sound region usually experiences mild winters, with an average annual snowfall of 11.2 inches. The region has also experienced cold winters and heavy snowfall in the past.

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